In Maryland, there are two types of divorces. One is called an “absolute divorce,” and the other is called a “limited divorce.” An absolute divorce is a divorce that completely, permanently, and officially ends the marriage between the husband and wife. This is “divorce” as most people think of the idea. By contrast, a limited divorce is more like a separation. However, it is an “official” separation that involves filing divorce papers with a Maryland divorce court. Further, a limited divorce also involves the court issuing limited and temporary orders with respect to alimony, child custody and support, and some orders with respect to marital property.

One reason Maryland couples seek a limited divorce is because it affords them an opportunity to change their minds and time to consider whether there is any possibility of reconciliation. Another reason is that to obtain an absolute divorce, there must be grounds for divorce (if the couple cannot agree on every matter related to their divorce). One ground for an absolute divorce is being separated for 12 months. A limited divorce can provide that 12-month time period which can allow the couple to file for an absolute divorce. There are several other reasons that a couple might seek a limited divorce, such as religious reasons and matters related to insurance coverage for health care, etc.

If you are thinking about seeking a divorce and want to consider your options, call us at (301) 870-1200. We are the Law Office of Robert Castro, and we are divorce attorneys located in Waldorf, Maryland, providing divorce and family law legal services in Charles County and other parts of Southern Maryland. Below is some additional information about the difference between a Maryland limited divorce and an absolute divorce.

As noted, an absolute divorce is one where the marriage is officially terminated. This allows each former spouse to remarry and, basically, move on with their lives without involvement by the other spouse. However, with a limited divorce, the spouses remain legally married (although they must live separately). Living “separately” usually means living under separate roofs. But sometimes, that is not financially feasible, in which case the key requirement is that the couple not sleep together or have sexual relations. Other aspects of a limited divorce include:

• The spouses cannot remarry
• Since they are legally still married, during the limited divorce, each spouse is eligible for health insurance coverage and other benefits and can inherit property in the manner that married couples inherit
• The spouses remain married for immigration purposes
• Various court Orders will control aspects of the couple’s financial and property matters
• Sexual relations with others is considered adultery
• Certain forms of property ownership — a primary residence owned as tenants by the entireties) — will continue in effect

Like seeking an absolute divorce, in Maryland, there must be grounds shown for obtaining a limited divorce. Md. Code, Family Law § 7-102. As noted, the most common ground for a limited divorce is that the couple has separated and no longer lives together. Two other grounds include:

• Cruelty
• Desertion — either actual or constructive

Additional Legal Insights on Choosing Between Limited and Absolute Divorce in Waldorf, MD

Financial Implications of Both Divorce Types

When pursuing a limited divorce, temporary orders may be issued regarding alimony, child custody/support, and property use. While these orders are not final, they can significantly affect your finances during separation, especially if one spouse remains in the marital home or retains shared assets. This interim period can help stabilize each spouse but may create financial complexity if incomes or circumstances change.

By contrast, an absolute divorce lets you resolve all financial matters conclusively. This comprehensive settlement can include division of retirement accounts, real estate, debts, and long-term financial planning. While more involved from the start, achieving a final resolution means both parties can move forward without lingering financial obligations tied to the marriage.

Timing Strategies and Divorce Planning

Most divorces in Maryland, subject to grounds such as cruelty or desertion (6 months of physical separation), require a defined timeline. Choosing a limited divorce when you do not yet meet the absolute criteria allows you to secure temporary orders while meeting statutory requirements. After the twelve-month or six-month clock runs, you can convert to an absolute divorce more easily, especially if the separation period and living conditions have already been documented.

Converting a limited divorce to absolute also helps in cases where couples reconsider reconciliation efforts. The temporary framework supports mediation, therapy, or co-parenting planning while avoiding entirely ending the legal relationship until all terms are agreed upon.

Custody, Parenting Plans, and Educational Decisions

For couples with children, limited divorce provides a legal mechanism to secure custody and visitation arrangements without dissolving the marriage. These temporary parenting plans may cover holidays, school selection, extracurricular schedules, and health care decisions. If crafted carefully, they can carry over into an absolute divorce or be adjusted later based on the child’s evolving needs.

Health Insurance and Employee Benefits

A limited divorce maintains the legal marital status, which matters for ongoing access to health insurance, pension plans, and spousal benefits provided through an employer. This can be invaluable for one spouse who depends on the other’s employment-based coverage. If an absolute divorce is pursued too soon, one spouse may lose crucial coverage or support before securing alternative arrangements.

Legal Residence, Taxes, and Estate Planning

Remaining legally married during a limited divorce affects tax filing status, enabling spouses to file jointly or separately, depending on which yields better outcomes. It also influences estate planning. Without an absolute divorce, the surviving spouse may still inherit by default unless otherwise specified by a will. Additionally, some couples prefer limited divorce while completing immigration processes that require proof of marriage.

Risk Management and Avoiding Premature Finalization

Rushing into an absolute divorce has risks. Without tested interim orders, settlement outcomes like child support or asset division may not reflect real-world conditions. A limited divorce allows one to “test-drive” terms before making them final. If the temporary orders prove fair and practical, they can ease final settlement negotiations and build trust between both parties.

Planning Ahead and What Comes After

Once a limited divorce period ends, the transition to absolute divorce is straightforward, provided separation grounds are met. The existing temporary orders may be converted into permanent ones, often with minimal court friction. However, evaluating whether adjustments are needed, such as legal support as jobs change or health care needs evolve, is critical.

Contact Waldorf, Maryland Family Law and Divorce Lawyer Robert Castro Today

This article has been provided by the Law Office of Robert Castro. For more information or questions, contact our office to speak to an experienced Maryland family law and divorce lawyer at (301) 870-1200. We are Waldorf, MD, Divorce lawyers. Our address is 2670 Crain Highway, Waldorf, MD, 20601.